Oregon Department of Forestry trains, deploys adults in custody firefighting crews for quick wildfire response
Molalla, Ore.—Hoses, chainsaws, Pulaskis and other tools of the firefighting trade were in the hands of motivated adults in custody (AICs) this month as Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) experts trained 37 AICs from the Coffee Creek Correctional Facility and more than 100 assigned to the South Fork Forest Camp.
“We’ve been looking forward to fire season all year,” said Kelsie Martin, an AIC at Coffee Creek. “This will be my second-year volunteering for and going through the training. Nearly all the skills we learn here are transferable to life after we get out. It’s not just the hands-on stuff either—we get to practice responsible leadership and team building. However, the main thing the training and actual firefighting gives us is meaning and purpose.”
Coffee Creek typically has three 10-person crews trained, ready, and on rotation throughout fire season.
“The crews are key to keeping our IA (initial attack) robust,” said Kyle Koonce, ODF’s Santiam Unit Permanent Forest Officer and coordinator of the training for the Coffee Creek crews at the Molalla Office. “We typically have two-to-three engines respond to a fire start, then the hand crews come in and finish lining the fire helping to keep them small. This allows our engines to get back online ready for the next fire start.”
The hand crews are also key to what wildland firefighters call post-fire rehabilitation.
“For a 15-acre fire we might have nearly a mile of hose out there,” said Koonce. “These crew will spend a half to a whole day just emptying and rolling up fire hose. Again, this frees up critical resources like our engines to go after other fires.”
The AIC crews do everything a typical contracted firefighting crew does with one main restriction.
“We only deploy within a 2-hour drive of the facility in Wilsonville,” said Sgt. Patrick Forman, a Department of Corrections officer and certified crew boss. “We still operate under the same standards as any other crew with a 16-hour day, the difference is we may be travelling four hours.”
That restriction doesn’t limit their effectiveness or the value they provide to local communities.
“2024 was the first year I volunteered to be part of a crew,” said Jody Warren, who is back for her third fire season. “We went to the Lee Falls Fire (where the community of Cherry Gove was evacuated) and it was very emotional for me since I grew up in the area. It gave me a chance to give back to a community I took from. It gave me such purpose that now I want to pursue a career in firefighting when I get out in 10 months.”
The women train year-round to get in shape and stay fit for fire season.
“Every weekend, we would do training and every weekend, no matter the weather, these women would choose not to sleep in, but to get out and get after it,” said Foreman, who along with Koonce has been with the program from the beginning.
2026 marks the 10-year anniversary of ODF and DOC working together to train Coffee Creek adults in custody.
The program is so popular they had 110 women apply this year but could only accept 27.
“Many were not medically cleared, and some were not accepted to participate for other reasons,” said Foreman. “Otherwise, we might have nine or 10 crews instead of three.”
The 40-hours of training includes morning classroom sessions, and then the afternoons are hands-on.
“We decided to break up the classroom work, so we have a tools and equipment day, a pumps and hose lay day, a day-long chain saw course, then one day in the use of chain saws, then a field day the last day that incorporates all the lessons and simulates a typical day on a fire,” said Koonce.
The AICs also do a series of firefighting courses: S-130 (Wildland Firefighting), L-180 (Human Factors in the Wildland Fire Service), and S-190 (Introduction to Wildland Fire Behavior) that, along with the week-long training, gets them a certification.
For 75 years, DOC and ODF have jointly run the South Fork Forest Camp (SFFC) in the middle of the Tillamook State Forest. At SFFC, the AICs get the same training just in a slightly different format. They have two longer days of classroom training and two hands-on field days. SFFC provides 12 crews that are ready for fire season.
In addition to crews from Coffee Creek and South Fork, ODF also deploys a smaller number of AIC firefighters from DOC’s Santiam, Deer Ridge, and Snake River Correctional institutions as well as the Powder River Correctional Facility.
No matter which facility they come from, ODF uses the firefighters strategically during fire season.
“We have been prepositioning crews ahead of predicted severe weather events for several years,” said Koonce. “This cuts down on response time and that allows us to spend more time with initial attack rather than travelling.”
Even though it takes time and resources for ODF to support AIC firefighting programs, the department sees many benefits.
“These programs we run training and using AIC crews have given us more firefighting resources and, as a bonus, provides our seasonal staff an opportunity to lead and teach that they likely might not get otherwise until later in their career,” said Koonce. “From the ODF perspective, everything about AIC crews are a win-win.”
Corrections also confirms the mutual benefits of the cooperative firefighting program.
“I know of at least eight former AIC that were part of the program that got jobs with firefighting contractors in just the last year,” said Foreman. “How do you put a price on people finding purpose and meaning while with DOC then leaving the system and becoming working, productive members of society?”
For more on the jointly operated SFFC go here.
For more on the DOC go here.
For more on ODF’s Fire Protection Program go here.
 Adults in custody (AICs) from the Coffee Creek Correctional Facility dig a fire line as part of their weeklong training given by Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) instructors. Crews from Coffee Creek and the South Fork Forest Camp will be on call and ready to help battle wildfires this summer.
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