In late October, U.S. Health & Human Services (HHS) Secretary Xavier Becerra announced the release of a new Overdose Prevention Strategy. This new strategy focuses on increasing access to evidence-based services for individuals suffering from substance abuse and their families. HHS wishes to focus on people and put them in power positions related to prevention and treatment.
The strategy will prioritize primary prevention, harm reduction and recovery support. Utilizing data and evidence, this new strategy will help reduce stigma, integrate substance abuse services into other healthcare services, and create policies and actions.
President Joe Biden’s Fiscal Year (FY) 2022 proposed budget for HHS on drug-related programs and initiatives is $11.2 billion. This budget is $3.9 billion more than in FY 2021, a 54% increase. The objective of the increase is to fund the expansion of access to substance use prevention, treatment, harm reduction and recovery support services.
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, opioid treatment programs (OPT) utilizing methadone could only prescribe and administer the medication at a federally certified OPT facility. Due to lockdown restrictions from COVID-19, the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) made an exemption to the federal methadone administration requirements. With the COVID-19 SAMHSA exemption, OPT’s could provide, methadone prescribed patients, 28 days of take-home doses if the patient was considered stable, and 14 days’ worth of doses for those patients considered less stable.
Researchers aimed to understand how the COVID-19 exemption impacted methadone adherence and opioid use disorder (OUD). Data was collected from 183 patients from Spokane County, Washington. Patients selected were on stable methadone medication for nine months before the exemption in March 2020, and continued methadone medication nine months after March 2020. The data collected included urine drug testing results for methadone adherence, general emergency department (ED) visits and overdose-related ED visits.
Among the 183 patients studied, ED visits decreased from 74 to 56, and overdose-related ED visits reduced from 16 to 15. Although results showed a decrease in overdose-related ED visits and general ED visits, these were not considered significant because of the possibility of individuals refraining from visiting the ED due to COVID-19 exposure.
Overall, the study showed that post-SAMHSA exemption, methadone treatment was not associated with worse treatment outcomes. However, further research is needed to understand better the data observed, including if and how the COVID-19 exemption to take-home methadone doses plays a role.
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