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14 November 2022
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From the Manhattan Project to the dawn of supercomputing to meeting the current demands of modern science, the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) has a remarkable history. This year, OSTI is celebrating its 75th anniversary of collecting, preserving, and disseminating the results of DOE-funded research and development. It is also highlighting its role in open science and providing equitable access to DOE’s research results.
Learn about how OSTI is continuing to promote science and discovery today in a blog post and this video celebrating its anniversary.
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Sterile Neutrino: The sterile neutrino is a theoretical fundamental particle. Finding it could explain irregularities in experimental data that don’t line up with the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Researchers at DOE’s Fermilab recently compared the data from the MicroBooNE experiment to a model with a sterile neutrino; they found no evidence in the data that the sterile neutrino exists. |
Molecular Beehive: Researchers from CU Boulder previously developed a quantum material where its elements form a network like a honeycomb. They discovered that although this material usually acts like an insulator, it acts like a conductor when it is exposed to magnetic fields in a certain way. Recently, they noted that tiny internal “loop-currents” could explain this behavior. |
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Diamond Factory: A team from the University of Chicago used the Advanced Photon Source (an Office of Science user facility at Argonne National Laboratory) to recreate the conditions found at the boundary of Earth’s core and mantle. When water and metal react under these conditions, carbon is released and forms diamonds. |
Water Vapor: University of California, Davis researchers found that the buoyancy effect of water vapor strongly influences air temperature and cloud cover. As some leading global climate models currently neglect this effect, improving cloud representation in them could increase their accuracy. |
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Proton Analysis: Researchers from DOE’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory created and are using a new machine learning tool called OmniFold. It reduces the amount of time to run certain analyses of particle physics from years to hours. With supercomputers at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center Office of Science user facility, they applied the tool to analyze the data from HERA, the world’s most powerful electron-proton collider. |
Protecting Electronic Devices: Researchers at Drexel University recently developed a special coating that can absorb and disburse the electromagnetic fields that cause buzzing and feedback in electronic devices. This phenomenon can also reduce how well the devices perform and eventually lead to overheating. The coating uses a type of two-dimensional material called MXene that researchers at Drexel had discovered more than a decade ago. |
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The Office of Science posted three new highlights between 11/2/22 and 11/14/22.
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A Novel Way to Measure Gluons’ Orbital Motion: Spin plays an important role in binding the protons and neutrons of atomic nuclei. However, experiments have shown that the spins of the quarks and gluons (fundamental particles that make up the proton) can’t account for the total proton spin. Theorists from DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have proposed a new experimental method that researchers could use to probe the motion of gluons. It will guide new measurements that will be possible at the future Electron-Ion Collider, which is currently being built. This measurement may be essential to solving the mystery of proton spin. |
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Science News: Protons may be stretchier than physics predicts
Certain measurements of how much the proton “stretches” when scientists expose it to electrical or magnetic fields don’t fully match what the Standard Model of Particle Physics predicts. Scientists using DOE’s Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory have made the most precise measurement yet that is at odds with theory.
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Inflation Reduction Act Invests in U.S. Science Leadership
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The DOE’s Office of Science works to transform our understanding of nature and advance the energy, economic, and national security of the United States. Bringing innovative new technologies to the American people depends heavily on federal support for fundamental research. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 is empowering us to deliver even more, even faster.
Through this historic act, the Office of Science received an additional $1.55 billion in Fiscal Year 2022 funding. These unprecedented investments are accelerating ongoing upgrades to critical facilities and other national laboratory infrastructure projects. Our funding has already been distributed to projects across the national lab complex and beyond. It’s supporting the unique, powerful instruments that enable innovation as well as making our labs better and more productive places to work.
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DOE Announces Two 2022 Office of Science Distinguished Scientist Fellows
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Recently, DOE announced Dr. Marcela Carena of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and Dr. Sheng Dai of Oak Ridge National Laboratory as DOE Office of Science Distinguished Scientist Fellows. Carena was honored for her leadership and influential contributions to particle physics as well as promoting Latin American participation in DOE-hosted experiments. Dai was honored for pioneering advances in development of functional materials for separation science, energy storage, catalysis, and other energy-related applications as well for excellence in leading team science and mentorship.
This honor is bestowed on national laboratory scientists with outstanding records of achievement. It provides each fellow with $1 million over three years to support activities that develop, sustain, and promote scientific and academic excellence in DOE Office of Science research.
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CommUnique provides a review of recent Office of Science Communications and Public Affairs stories and features. This is only a sample of our recent work promoting research done at universities, national labs, and user facilities throughout the country.
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